Introduction:

According to Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha this raga emerges from the Bilawal thaht.

In the Ragamala listed at the end of Guru Granth Sahib, this raga is listed as a son of raga Megh.

The scale and notes of the raga are as follows:

Arohi (ascending scale) - sa re ga ma ga pa dha ni sa

Avrohi (descending scale) - sa ni pa ma re sa

The vadi (most popular) note is 'pa' and samvadi (second most popular) note is 're'.

This raga is sung at the third part of night i.e., from 12 a.m. to 3 a.m. The season of its recitation is rainy (varsha) i.e., during July August. In Guru Granth Sahib it has hymns from pages 975- 983 (9 pages).

The Composers:

The composers of bani (hymns) in this raga are:

Gurus

• Guru Ramdas
• Guru Arjan Dev

Bhagats:

No bhagat bani

The structure:

The sequence of the structure of compositions in this raga are:

Gurubani:

• Shabads (2,3,4, padas)
• Shabads (8 padas, Ashtpadis)

Matrix

VISUAL ANALYSIS

Count of the use of Managals:

• Complete Mool Mantar = 1 at page 975
• Ik-ongkar Satgur Prasadh = 5

Placement and count of rahau verses:

All shabads and ashtpadis, except one ashtpadi (page 983, ashtpadi 6) have rahau verses with numeral placed in the beginning of the compositions.

Diversification of headings & subheadings in this raga:

Composers Structure of Bani

• Pds= padas
• Chts = Chhants